Understanding Behavioural Family Therapy (BFT)

If you’ve been offered Behavioural Family Therapy (BFT), you might have questions about what it is, how it works, and how it can help. This page explains the basics and answers some common questions.

What is Behavioural Family Therapy?

BFT is a structured, evidence-based approach that involves working with people and their families to improve communication, reduce stress, and support recovery. BFT is based on the understanding that families play an essential role in psychological wellbeing and that fostering positive relationships can make a big difference.

The therapy focuses on:

  • Teaching practical problem-solving and communication skills within the family
  • Helping family units support each other

Why is Behavioural Family Therapy helpful?

BFT is a type of talking therapy that can help families support each other, which can be particularly helpful when someone in the family is experiencing mental health problems. BFT has been shown to:

  • Improve communication and reduce conflicts within families
  • Decrease stress and improve relationships
  • Help families manage symptoms and prevent relapse
  • Foster a supportive environment that promotes recovery


BFT can work alongside other treatments, such as medication, or individual one-to-one therapy provided to members of the family.

What happens in Behavioural Family Therapy?

You’ll work with a trained therapist, usually for at least 10 sessions over several months. Sessions may include:

  • Initial sessions: These help the family and therapist understand each other’s perspectives, challenges, and strengths
  • Skill-building: The therapist will guide the family in learning new skills, such as effective communication, problem-solving, and stress management
  • Problem-solving exercises: The family works together to address practical challenges and develop solutions
  • Ongoing support: Families learn how to support each other through difficult times while maintaining balance and self-care


Therapy sessions often include the individual experiencing mental health challenges, but the focus is on supporting the whole family system.

Common questions

Who should attend BFT sessions?

Typically, the individual experiencing mental health challenges attends with close family members, such as parents, siblings, partners, or carers. Everyone’s participation is voluntary.

What if there are disagreements within the family?

Disagreements are natural. BFT provides a safe space to discuss issues constructively and find ways to move forward together. 

Is BFT suitable for me?

Many families find BFT useful, but it’s not the right fit for everyone. Your therapist or mental health team will work with you to assess if it’s a good fit for your needs. BFT works best when everyone involved takes part and stays committed.

How do I access BFT?

Speak to your mental health practitioner about how to access BFT or other psychological therapies that may suit your individual needs and circumstances.

Where can I learn more?


Remember, you are not alone. BFT can be a valuable tool in coping with mental health problems and improving your overall wellbeing.

As a patient

As a service user, relative or carer using our services, sometimes you may need to turn to someone for help, advice, and support. 

Find resources for carers and service users  Contact the Trust